Event    From 2/9/1666  To 6/9/1666

Great Fire of London

Categories: Tragedy

Started on a Sunday morning. After 4 days the destruction included:
- an area of one and a half miles by a half mile
- 87 churches
- 13,200 houses
- only 6 people are recorded as having died (but see Londonist)
- the Great Plague of 1665 was also brought to an end by the fire, possibly.

The fire started in the house and shop of the baker Thomas Farynor in Pudding Lane. The site is now marked by the Monument. But at the time many suspected a Papist plot and Robert Hubert obligingly claimed to have started the fire. He was a Frenchman who was not even in the country at the time but that did not save him from the scaffold.

At the time of the fire England was at war with the French and the Dutch and, during the fire, some people thought it was the French invading, others attacked a Dutch baker blaming him. Rumours about the cause rumbled on for years. Thomas Farriner (spellings differ) swore it was not his fault. Was it God's punishment? Was it the Catholics? A great resource for this topic is The Great Fire of London

2016: a Telegraph article reports on an article in 'Country Life'. The exact location of the start of the fire has now been identified: "Those plans, combined with measuring 202 feet from the Monument itself, show that the oven was located on what is now the cobbled surface of Monument Street, 60 feet east of Pudding Lane."

The rebuilding of London used stone from the west, Oxfordshire/Berkshire, brought by river. Once unloaded the barges were filled with rubble which was taken back up river and dumped on the various islands in the river, including Monkey Island, raising the level of the ground and providing solid foundations for buildings.

In 2016, to mark the 350th anniversary, the artist David Best was commissioned to create a model of London and set it on fire.

Most of the memorials to the Great Fire refer to buildings that were lost; we have found only one that celebrates a building that survived. But quite a few survived - Spitalfields Life displays some lovely drawings of many buildings that survived until at least c.1800.

London has had other very big fires: Tooley Street and see Londonist for others. And Londonist drew our attention to this great article in The Guardian listing the buildings lost. And the buildings that survived? Londonist again.

September 2023: Londonist reported on new research which names Thomas Dagger (Farriner's employee) as the first person to raise the alarm.

2024: Historical researchers now believe the site of the start of the fire to be in Monument Street, amongst the parked vehicles on the south side of the street to the east of the Monument. And we learnt that wattle and daub, if well maintained is extremely resistant to fire, but very flammable if poorly maintained, as one might expect in many of the properties in the City at this time.

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This section lists the memorials where the subject on this page is commemorated:
Great Fire of London

Commemorated ati

Alienation Office

"Act 5 and 6 Will. IV.Cap.82" refers to a legal instrument created during the...

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Building survived the Great Fire

Londonist points out how important correct use of English can be: "This was n...

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Cannon Street Station

The Sir John Hawkshaw Cannon Street Station was officially opened by South Ea...

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Crosskey's Inn

Site of Crosskey's Inn, destroyed 1666. The Corporation of the City of London

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Cutlers' Hall

Site of Cutlers' Hall, 1416 - 1883, rebuilt after the Great Fire 1666. The C...

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Show all 55

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Jennifer Ann Murphy

Jennifer Ann Murphy

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1 memorial
Clive Brain, OBE

Clive Brain, OBE

Clive Brian was born on 13 December 1939, the son of Frank Brain (1909-1969) and Nora Maude Brain née Fairweather (1907-1976). His birth was registered in the 1st quarter of 1940 in the Surrey Sout...

Person, Education, Tragedy

1 memorial
Edward Blake

Edward Blake

For more information about this hero click on the picture of his plaque.

Person, Tragedy

1 memorial
Faouzia El-Wahabi

Faouzia El-Wahabi

Faouzia Rami was born in Larache, Morocco, circa 1975, where in 1995 she married Abdulaziz El-Wahabi. She accompanied her husband to the UK and they moved into Flat 182, Grenfell Tower, Grenfell Wa...

Person, Tragedy, Morocco

1 memorial
Culloden - prisoners

Culloden - prisoners

3,470 prisoners were taken, men women and children, and it was decided that they should all be tried in England.  Seven ships carried them from Inverness on 10 June 1746.  Their destinies were vari...

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1 memorial

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Marchmont Association

Marchmont Association

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Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

Organisation responsible for the collection, conservation, and interpretation of Pennsylvania's historic heritage.

Group, History, USA

1 memorial
World War 1

World War 1

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Surrey Docks

Surrey Docks

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Lady Diana Beauclerk

Lady Diana Beauclerk

Lady Diana Spencer was born in 1735, the eldest child of the third Duke of Marlborough. She was expected to follow a traditional path through life: educated in the fashion considered suitable for a...

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2 memorials