Subject

Army officer and founder of the boy scouts and girl guides. Born as Robert Stephenson Smyth Powell at 6 Stanhope Street, Paddington. His mother changed the family name to Baden-Powell after her husband's death in 1860 (Baden was his first name). In his military career he served in India, Afghanistan and eventually in South Africa, where he was in command at the Siege of Mafeking in 1899. In 1907 he organised a camp for boys on Brownsea Island, which led to the founding of the boy scouts movement. Knighted in 1907 and made a baronet in 1922. He died at his bungalow Paxtu at Nyeri, Kenya.